Grading systems

Calculating the grade distribution tables is a task that in many institutions will be undertaken at centralized level. The production of distribution tables should not cause undue difficulties in institutions as the required data are generally available in institutional information systems and the calculation of percentages is easily done with simple software. It only requires the following steps:

Identify the reference groups within your institution by using objective and transparent criteria which should be attached to the grade distribution tables produced. In the absence of methods based on comparable learning outcomes, it is recommended to use the ISCED-F (http://noks.mpn.gov.rs/sr_lat/klasifikacija-kvalifikacija/) classification which offers a standardized and hierarchical classification of fields of study. In order to have reference groups that are large enough for a statistically relevant comparison, it is recommended to use an ISCED code at the ‘narrow’ or ‘detailed’ levels (UNESCO Institute for Statistics, 2014).
Calculate the absolute number of passing grades awarded to each reference group identified in at least the last two years. Remember that information on success rates may be provided in general terms but not in this calculation.
Calculate the grade distribution in terms of percentages of the passing grades awarded to the reference group and develop cumulative percentages. As a result, there will be a grade distribution table with percentages and cumulative percentages for each reference group identified

https://ec.europa.eu/education/ects/users-guide/docs/ects-users-guide_en.pdf

Grades used in institution (from highest to lowest passing grade)*	Number of passing grades awarded to the reference group	Percentage of each grade with respect to the total passing grades awarded	Cumulative percentage of passing grades awarded	Marks	Number of points
	Number of passing grades awarded to the reference group		Cumulative percentage of passing grades awarded	Marks	from	to
10	50	5	5	excellent	91	100
9	100	10	15	exceptionally good	81	90
8	350	35	50	very good	71	80
7	300	30	80	good	61	70
6	200	20	100	sufficient	51	60
Total:	1000

When included in a student’s Transcript of Records and Diploma Supplement, the table will facilitate the interpretation of each grade awarded and will not require any further calculation. The on-going European Grade Conversion System project (EGRACONS) is developing examples for the visual presentation of a grading table.

Academic credit system

Within a course of one semester a student can earn on average 30 ECTS credit points, i.e. full 60 ECTS credit points per academic year, which amounts to the total of 180 ECTS credit points upon graduating from our undergraduate vocational study programme. The total of 60 ECTS credit points corresponds to the average total student´s workload within a forty-hour workweek during one academic year.

One ECTS credit point amounts to approximately 27 working hours. ECTS credit points encompass active teaching, exams and all other necessary activities relating to exams, and they are acquired by a student in the course of a semester. The amount of active teaching within a course does not necessarily correspond to the number of ECTS credit points it carries, provided that one honors the amount of student workload required by the respective number of ECTS credit points.

The acquired ECTS credit points are acknowledged only after a student passes exams, i.e. when he/she has fulfilled all requirements of a certain course, in accordance with the curriculum.

The manner in which ECTS credit points are allocated to individual courses is primarily based on the learning outcomes and student´s workload within a particular course. Accordingly, the complexity of the course subject matter and the frequency and number of activities expected from students to complete to earn their ECTS credit points constitutes a significant factor in ECTS credit point allocation. Hence, ordinarily, courses which directly deal with the field of preschool education and upbringing (the fields of pedagogy, psychology, sociology…), due to the complexity of their objectives and outcomes, as well as to the number and scope of foreseen activities, carry more ECTS credit points than general education courses. Furthermore, courses within our accredited study programmes are generally divided into mandatory and elective.

Within each subject, there are pre-examination obligations and examinations. The total number of points in one course is 100. The pre-examination obligations can weigh less than 30 or more than 70 points. The number of points collected can be translated into a grade by distribution: from 51 to 60 equals grade 6, from 61 to 70 equals grade 7, 71 to 80 equals grade 8, from 81 to 90 equals grade 9 and from 91 to 100 equals grade 10. This grading scale is based on Article 104, of the Law on High Education (The Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia, Nos. 88/2017,

27/2018-as amended and 73/2018).

. https://www.paragraf.rs/propisi/zakon_o_visokom_obrazovanju.html

* Grading systems/approaches may be established at national level

Grades used in institution (from highest to lowest passing grade)*	Number of passing grades awarded to the reference group	Percentage of each grade with respect to the total passing grades awarded	Cumulative percentage of passing grades awarded	Marks	Number of points
	Number of passing grades awarded to the reference group		Cumulative percentage of passing grades awarded	Marks	from	to
10	1971	21.51042	21.51042	excellent	91	100
9	1558	17.00316	38.51359	exceptionally good	81	90
8	1678	18.31278	56.82637	very good	71	80
7	1576	17.19961	74.02597	good	61	70
6	2380	25.97403	100	sufficient	51	60
Total:	9163